Improvement in steam-heaters



E. RUSS-ELL.

Steam-Heaters.

NO. 138,200., Patented Apri22, i873.

UNITED 7 STATES PATENT OEEIGE.

EDMUND RUSSELL, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-HEATERS.

Specication forming part of Letters Patent No. 138,200, dated April 22, 1873; application filed -January 2 2, 1873.

To all 'whom it may concern Be it known that I, EDMUND RUSSELL, of

-Brooklyn, in the county of Kings, State of New York, have invented certain Improvements relating to Steam-Heaters, of which the following is a specification:

The novelty lies in the construction of the radiators. They are screwed into a base like ordinary tubes. Instead of being plain tubes they are peculiarly duplicated and chambered to facilitate the circulation of the steam and the expulsion of the air.

The following is a description of what I consider the best means of carrying out the invention.

The'accompanying drawing forms a part of this specification.

Figure l is a front view, partly in section, and Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the base with a vertical section through a radiator.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in both gures.

The radiators are each a single casting. For convenience of description I will apply the marks A1, A2, Sto., to the different parts of the radiator, and the simple letter A to indicate the whole, if necessary. B is the base, formed and connected to a steam-boiler as usual by pipes. The neck A1 of my radiator is tapped into the base B. Above are two upright branches, A2 A3, connected at several different levels by cross-channels A4, A5, Ste. The cross-connection at the top is surmounted by an ornamental plug, C, which stops the hole usually necessary in producing the castlng.

I make the interior of the casting hollow by coring. It involves no skill beyond that ordinarily possessed by founders.

The neck A1 is formed with a deection to one side at its junction with the two branches A2 A3, so that on admitting steam to the apparatus it is thrown forcibly to one side and caused to rise in the branch A2, while the air in both branches is allowed to descend through the branch A3, traversing across to get into A5, through either of the cross -connections A, A5, &c.

Inertia and friction tend to resist the 1no tion of fluids in starting from rest in long tubes. It requires less force to start the current in short lengths of the branches than in the whole branches at once. When the steam is first introduced it rises in the branch A2 only to the first cross-connection A4; there it crosses to the branch A3 and descends. After establishing a current in this lower part of the branches the impact of the rising current in the branch A2 tends to constantly force upward the air in the same branch above, while the down current in the lower part of the branch A3 makes it easy for the air on that side to be gradually mixed and drawn down. Soon the current commences to cross in the 'cross-connection A5, and ultimately in the top connection whatever may be it height.

I claim as my invention is- 1. The crossconnections A4, A5, Src., arranged, as shown, at diEerent levels between the branches A2 A3 and adapted to allow the steam to circulate first in a short length and afterward in a longer length of the radiator,

as herein specified.

2. The within-described construction and arrangement of all the parts A1, A2, A5, A4, A5, 8vo., when formed in a single casting, as herein set forth and described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 17th day of January, 1873, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDMUND RUSSELL.

Witnesses:

WM. (l. DEY, ALED. WEsTBRooK. 

